نشریه پژوهش هایی در کشت سلول و بافت کاریوتیک
سال یکم شماره 2 (پاییز 1399)

Myrtus communis L. is a perennial and aromatic herb with numerous medicinal properties. Myrtus communis L is a medicinal plant that is used in traditional medicine in many parts of the world. Propagation of this plant with cuttings or seeding is associated with particular difficulties. The long seed dormancy period and the production of small and weak seedlings are the disadvantages of seed propagation. The optimization of in vitro tissue culture to facilitate the extraction of the component of this plant is important. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the callus induction rate and callus initiation of Myrtus communis L. in different hormones.

This experiment required a large number of germinated seeds of Myrtus communis L. in a Murashic-Scug (MS) medium. The seeds began to germinate after 20 days. Then, germinated seeds were divided into three studied explants: shoot explants, root explants, and leaf explants in MS medium containing 2,4-D. After 7 days, the callus production was recognized. The explants then were used to evaluate the regeneration rate of Myrtus communis L. in the MS medium containing growth regulators kinetin, BAP, TDZ, and combining the two hormones (BAP+TDZ) at four levels (0-1-2-3) mgl-1.

The results of this study showed the highest callus regeneration rate and callus growth rate were obtained from the leaf explants. Kentin hormone was the least effective hormone for regeneration of Myrtus communis L. and TDZ hormone had a greater effect than Kentin and BAP hormones. Additionally, the combination of 1.5 mgl-1 BAP with 1.5 mgl-1 TDZ, produced the highest callus regeneration in leaf explants.

From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the regeneration of Myrtus communis L. is feasible through the application of leaf explants and a combination of BAP+TDZ hormones.

Humans have been battling viruses since before our species had even evolved into its modern form. some viruses are equally deadly, and some that are even deadlier. Accurate and early detection of viruses is often crucial for clinical diagnosis and therapy. Aptamers are the artificial single-stranded DNA, RNA sequences, or peptides that can bind to certain targets with tremendously high specificity. A number of their unique features make them a more effective choice than antibodies. Aptamers are typically generated through Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX) and screened and selected via in vitro process from a library, making it possible to attach to any target molecules. In this review, aptamers were briefly defined and their applications in the rapid detection and diagnosis of some deadly viruses (HIV, Ebola, IVA, IVB, HPV, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and COVID-19) were described.

Breast Cancer is the most prevalent type of tumor and is also have second major death among women. The aim of the current study was to investigate the anticancer properties of Phormidiumm Animale cyanobacterium extract using MTT assay and through modulation of p53 gene expression in breast cancer cells.

In the current study, the breast cancer MCF-7 and normal HEK293 cell lines were treated with various concentrations of P. animale extract ranging 50, 100, 200 mg/mL for 24 hours. Cell viability was measured using MTT (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay against cell lines. The gene expressions of p53 compared with GAPDH were measured using the real-time PCR method.

The MTT results showed that P. animale significantly decreased the viability of cancer cells compared to normal cells in dose-dependent mode. Moreover, the mRNA levels of p53 were significantly increased from 3.34 in MCF-7 cells to 5.15 and 9.11 fold, respectively, following treatment with 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL P. animale extract.

The data suggest that P. animale extract can induce cytotoxicity and might modulate apoptosis by up-regulating p53 gene expression in human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line.

Diatoms are one of the most important branches of algae which are classified as pinnate and centric groups. Taleghan River is one of the main tributaries of Sepid Roud in Iran, which has 180 km in length. This study was complementary to the previous diatom projects in Taleghan River and introducing the new record for this area.

This study was carried out from Shahrivar 1398 to Shahrivar 1399 for one year and samples were collected seasonally from two upstream stations. 60 ml of precipitates was collected from 1 cm depth of the River using a syringe and fixed in 4% Formalin. The permanent slides were provided based on the standard protocol and the images were captured with a photomicroscope.

During the sampling from two stations upstream of Taleghan Dam, Pinnularia grunowii Krammer was identified as a new record for the diatom flora of Iran. The most important morphological characters of this taxon are the valve outline treeudulate, non-curved striae, and it's size which make it different from the other similar taxa such as; Pinnularia subanglica Petersen, Pinnularia biceps Gregory, Pinnularia lundii var. linearis Krammer, and Pinnularia angusta var. angusta (Cleve) Krammer.

It is necessary to investigate in other ecosystems of Iran to understand the ecology and distribution of the Pinnularia grunowii Krammer.

Low frequency of transformation and, more importantly, the occurrence of soma clonal variation at very high rates have considered disadvantages of Potato In vitro culture. Two Phytohormones, auxins (NAA, 2, 4-D), and cytokines (BAP, ZR) with concentrations were used to develop an efficient regeneration protocol for three genotypes of Potato.

The explants cultured on MS-medium supplemented with BAP 1 mg.l-1; NAA 0.1 mg.l-1; BAP 2 mg.l-1; NAA 0.2 mg.l-1; BAP 3 mg.l-1; NAA 0.3 mg.l-1; ZR 1 mg.l-1; 2.4-D 0.1 mg.l-1; ZR 2 mg.l-1; 2.4-D 0.2 mg.l-1; ZR 3 mg.l-1; 2.4-D 0.3 mg.l-1.

The results showed that the highest percentage and number of root formation and shoot regeneration obtained in the medium included BAP 3 mg.l-1; NAA 0.3 mg.l-1 or ZR 3 mg.l-1; 2.4-D 0.3 mg.l-1 respectively. In this study, 0.3 mg.l-1 of both NAA and 2, 4-D were able to induce the most effective root regeneration.

The three potato genotypes were statistically different in their leaf regeneration efficiency. The Odyssey genotype showed a weak response to leaf regeneration.

Recurrent miscarriage is two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before weeks 20. Different factors involved in recurrent abortion as a multifactorial disease. Genetic factors are one of the important factors associated with recurrent abortion. The goal of this article is to assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of TGFB1 and JAK2 polymorphism and the recurrent miscarriage in Iranian women.

The study group was 30 women with recurrent miscarriages with unknown reason and the control groups consisted of 10 women with at least two successful pregnancies and no miscarriages. PCR was used to find the association between TGFB1 and JAK2 genes and recurrent miscarriages. Analysing performed with FinchTV software after data sequencing.

Our results provided evidence that TGFB1 polymorphisms influence the risk of recurrent abortion in the Iranian population however there is no correlation with JAK2 polymorphism and recurrent abortion.

This finding could help to prevent recurrent miscarriage in Iranian women.